Physics

Level 1: Foundation

(Basic Concepts - Entry-Level Knowledge)

1. Classical Mechanics

   • Newton's Laws of Motion

   • Conservation Laws (Energy, Momentum)

   • Kinematics and Dynamics

2. Basic Electromagnetism

   • Coulomb's Law

   • Electric Fields, Magnetic Fields

   • Ohm's Law, Basic Circuits

   • Maxwell's Equations (Qualitative)

3. Thermodynamics Principles

   • Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics (Thermal Equilibrium)

   • First Law (Conservation of Energy)

   • Second Law (Entropy, Spontaneity)

   • Heat Transfer, Work, and Energy

Level 2: Intermediate Understanding

(More Specific Concepts - Core Knowledge)

1. Quantum Mechanics

   • Wave-Particle Duality (de Broglie hypothesis)

   • Uncertainty Principle (Heisenberg)

   • Schrödinger Equation (Basics of Wavefunctions)

   • Quantization of Energy (Bohr Model)

   • Quantum Superposition, Quantum Tunneling

2. Special Relativity

   • Principle of Relativity (Inertial Frames)

   • Time Dilation, Length Contraction

   • Mass-Energy Equivalence (E=mc²)

   • Lorentz Transformations

3. Electromagnetism

   • Gauss’s Law (Electric and Magnetic Fields)

   • Faraday’s Law of Induction

   • Ampère’s Law

   • Maxwell’s Equations (Quantitative)

4. Laws of Thermodynamics

   • Third Law of Thermodynamics (Absolute Zero)

   • Carnot Cycle, Engines

   • Entropy in Statistical Mechanics

   • Gibbs Free Energy, Thermodynamic Potentials

Level 3: Advanced Theories

(Complex Topics - Higher-Level Concepts)

1. Quantum Mechanics (Advanced)

   • Quantum Operators and Observables

   • Spin and Pauli Exclusion Principle

   • Quantum Entanglement, Bell’s Theorem

   • Dirac Equation, Relativistic Quantum Mechanics

   • Introduction to Quantum Field Theory (QFT)

2. General Relativity

   • Einstein’s Field Equations

   • Spacetime Curvature

   • Black Holes, Event Horizons

   • Gravitational Waves

   • Cosmological Implications (Big Bang Theory)

3. Statistical Thermodynamics

   • Boltzmann Distribution

   • Partition Function

   • Quantum Statistics (Bose-Einstein, Fermi-Dirac)

   • Phase Transitions and Critical Phenomena

4. Electromagnetism (Advanced)

   • Electromagnetic Waves (Wave Equation)

   • Radiation and Radiation Pressure

   • Relativistic Electromagnetism (Electrodynamics)

   • Advanced Applications: Plasma Physics, Light-Matter Interaction

Level 4: Expertise

(Research-Level Understanding, Applications, and Integration)

1. Quantum Mechanics (Cutting Edge)

   • Quantum Computing, Quantum Cryptography

   • Quantum Electrodynamics (QED)

   • Quantum Gravity Theories (String Theory, Loop Quantum Gravity)

   • Advanced Quantum Field Theories (QFT, Standard Model)

2. Relativity (Frontier Topics)

   • Singularities, Wormholes

   • Hawking Radiation and Black Hole Thermodynamics

   • Dark Energy and Dark Matter

   • Theory of Everything (Unifying Relativity and Quantum Mechanics)

3. Thermodynamics (Modern Applications)

   • Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics

   • Quantum Thermodynamics

   • Thermodynamic Aspects of Black Holes (Holographic Principle)

4. Electromagnetism (Advanced Physics)

   • Electromagnetic Applications in Modern Physics (Synchrotron Radiation, Accelerator Physics)

   • Electromagnetic Theory in Astrophysics

   • Quantum Electrodynamics (Interaction of Light and Matter)

   • Advanced Materials (Superconductors, Metamaterials)